Study-unit BLOOD DISEASES
| Course name | Medical, veterinary and forensic biotechnological sciences |
|---|---|
| Study-unit Code | A001773 |
| Curriculum | Medico |
| Lecturer | Enrico Tiacci |
| Lecturers |
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| Hours |
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| CFU | 6 |
| Course Regulation | Coorte 2022 |
| Supplied | 2023/24 |
| Supplied other course regulation | |
| Learning activities | Affine/integrativa |
| Area | Attività formative affini o integrative |
| Sector | MED/15 |
| Type of study-unit | Obbligatorio (Required) |
| Type of learning activities | Attività formativa monodisciplinare |
| Language of instruction | English |
| Contents | Hematopoiesis (erythropoiesis, granulocytopoiesis, monocytopoiesis, plateletopoiesis, lymphocytopoiesis). Clonal hematopoiesis Characteristics of blood cells. Hematopoietic and leukemic stem cell. Mechanisms of gene regulation (gene mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, mutations in non-coding sequences with formation of new enhancers, gene silencing, methylation, role of telomeric and centromeric regions, oncogenes, tumor suppressors Leukemogenesis. Clonal age-related hematopoiesis. Molecular bases and molecular mechanisms of: Chronic myeloproliferative syndromes Myelodysplastic syndromes Acute leukemia (lymphoid and myeloid) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (high and low degree; at B- and T- cell), Cellular plasma discrasias Hereditary hematological malignancies, congenital syndromes with an increase risk of leukemia, predisposing abnormalities |
| Reference texts | Corso di malattie del sangue e degli organi emolinfopoietici (S.Tura, Esculapio Ed) Introduzione alla Medicina Molecolare (D Ross, Springer Biomed) |
| Educational objectives | At the end of the course the student will have to know the main elements of genetics, and epigenetics, that underlie the pathogenesis and / or progression of onco-hematological diseases |
| Prerequisites | Knowledge of the main causes of the disease and the related etiopathogenetic mechanisms. Basic physiopathological mechanisms of the main systems and systems. Elements of pathological anatomy, histological and cytological examinations |
| Teaching methods | Lessons excercises |
| Other information | Evaluation of the internship is carried out in progress and during the course of the student's practical activities |
| Learning verification modality | Written exam with 2 open descriptive questions (10-15 lines available). The candidate has 30 minutes for these questions. |
| Extended program | Hematopoiesis, stem cells, myeloid lineage differentiation and lymphonodes, organs of hematopoiesis (bone marrow, liver, spleen, yolk sac) lymphatic system; Blood: corpuscular elements, plasma. Clonal hematopoiesis and involved genes Molecular-cytogenetic markers for the genetic diagnosis of Acute leukemias: LAM, LAL B cells, LAL T cells: clinical and diagnostic tests; chronic myeloproliferative diseases: chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, idiopathic myelofibrosis, chronic eosinophilia leukemia; Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with tyrosine kinase involvement FGFR1, PDGFRA, PDGFRB; Chronic lymphatic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, indolent and aggressive, B-cell and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas; Monoclonal gammopathies: MGUS, multiple-smoldering and symptomatic myeloma, solitary plasmacytoma of bone; medullary aplasia; Myelodysplastic syndromes For each nosological entity the classification aspects that are based on internationally recognized criteria (WHO 2017) will be addressed, in particular I will focus on the bio-molecular aspects of diseases. The physiological and pathological functional aspects of oncogenes and suppressors involved in the pathogenesis and / or progression of the disease will be addressed. The mechanisms of deregulation of cellular functions (proliferation, self-maintenance, survival and differentiation) which underlie the leukemic transformation will also be discussed. A focus will be made on the main signal transduction pathways that are deregulated in the main hematological neoplastic diseases and that represent potential targets of molecular therapy. |
| Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile | 3 - Health and welfare |