Study-unit DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING
| Course name | Mathematics |
|---|---|
| Study-unit Code | GP005506 |
| Curriculum | Matematica per le applicazioni industriali e biomediche |
| Lecturer | Renzo Campanella |
| Lecturers |
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| Hours |
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| CFU | 6 |
| Course Regulation | Coorte 2023 |
| Supplied | 2024/25 |
| Learning activities | Affine/integrativa |
| Area | Attività formative affini o integrative |
| Sector | FIS/07 |
| Type of study-unit | Obbligatorio (Required) |
| Type of learning activities | Attività formativa monodisciplinare |
| Language of instruction | Italian |
| Contents | The most important methods of medical imaging are presented: radiography, TC, SPECT, PET, MRI, Ecography. For each of them the main characteristics will be explained: how the image is formed, the limits of the technique, its advantages and drawbacks. Finally the bases of functional imaging methods, both fMRI and PET, will be given. |
| Reference texts | P. Suetens: "Fundamentals of Medical Imaging"; C.U.P.; Cambridge (2002) Slides available at Unistudium |
| Educational objectives | Understanding of the physical phenomena on which the imaging methods rely. Capability of describing and analyzing the employed methods nell' imaging doctor and the relative equipment. Capability of choosing the diverse3 technical of imaging the searched information, and of their advantages and contraindications. |
| Prerequisites | Basic elements of classical and modern physics |
| Teaching methods | The course consist of face-to-face lectures on all subjects |
| Other information | The teacher can be reached at the university email address. Students with disabilities are welcome to contact privately the teacher with regards to any specific aid during the course or for the examination. |
| Learning verification modality | Oral examination |
| Extended program | Introduction: basics of digital imaging: resolution, contrast, noise Electromagnetic radiation spectrum; radiation-matter interaction: Rayleigh scattering, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, pair production. Elements of atomic physics: absorption, spontaneous and stimulated emission, Zeeman effect. X ray imaging: Linear absorption coefficient - Radiography - Radiography detectors: Screen-film, image intensifiers - Digital radiography detectors - Fluoroscopy Computed Tomography: Principles of tomography - Houndsfield units (H.U.) - Outline of a TC scanner - Narrow beam scanner (1st and 2nd generation) - Wide beam scanner (3rd and 4th generation) - Electron beam TC (5th generation) - Spiral TC - Projection theorem - Backprojection - Filtered backprojection Nuclear imaging: Nuclear decays - The gamma camera (SPECT) - Positron Emission Tomography (PET) - Coincidence detection - Correction for the attenuation - Time-Of-Flight PET - Detectors for PET - Artifacts Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) - Motion of a spin in a magnetic field - Macroscopic magnetization - Radio frequency pulses - The Free Induction Decay (FID) - NMR spectrum - Relaxation times - Basic sequences: Spin-Echo and Inversion Recovery - Magnetic field gradient - Selective excitation - Projections - Projection-Reconstruction - Fourier Imaging (2DFT) - K Space - The contrast in a MR image - Multi-slice Imaging - Fast sequences: FLASH, Echo Planar (EPI) - CINE Sequences - MRI contrast agent - BOLD Contrast: functional imaging - Angiography - Diffusion imaging Ultrasounds imaging - Principles and characteristics |